Para hallar los extremos hay que resolver la ecuación
$$\frac{d}{d x} f{\left(x \right)} = 0$$
(la derivada es igual a cero),
y las raíces de esta ecuación serán los extremos de esta función:
$$\frac{d}{d x} f{\left(x \right)} = $$
primera derivada$$- \frac{2 x \operatorname{acot}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(x^{2} + 1\right)^{2}} - \frac{1}{\left(x^{2} + 1\right)^{2}} = 0$$
Resolvermos esta ecuaciónRaíces de esta ecuación
$$x_{1} = 4162.02277941811$$
$$x_{2} = -10015.0953632961$$
$$x_{3} = -8270.69160497502$$
$$x_{4} = 7650.32380242809$$
$$x_{5} = 5470.0126744979$$
$$x_{6} = 8304.45720106198$$
$$x_{7} = 4815.98841973063$$
$$x_{8} = -6744.40540599116$$
$$x_{9} = 1765.70397297034$$
$$x_{10} = -5000.23190725497$$
$$x_{11} = -6090.31427190719$$
$$x_{12} = -7834.6016659414$$
$$x_{13} = -8706.78660545704$$
$$x_{14} = 8740.55256141269$$
$$x_{15} = -3038.56989473539$$
$$x_{16} = 1983.30578562056$$
$$x_{17} = -10451.2045491196$$
$$x_{18} = -6526.3723647221$$
$$x_{19} = -3256.47459240601$$
$$x_{20} = -7616.55886617619$$
$$x_{21} = -2820.69079489299$$
$$x_{22} = 6996.20485915147$$
$$x_{23} = 4597.99212482363$$
$$x_{24} = -3910.29945737163$$
$$x_{25} = -1949.60219234621$$
$$x_{26} = 6124.07676110163$$
$$x_{27} = 8086.41134526104$$
$$x_{28} = -8924.83577186377$$
$$x_{29} = -6962.44077685779$$
$$x_{30} = -4346.24722702185$$
$$x_{31} = 2636.57603133092$$
$$x_{32} = 3508.14854506539$$
$$x_{33} = 5906.05179014453$$
$$x_{34} = -9142.8859430765$$
$$x_{35} = -4782.23014302379$$
$$x_{36} = -3692.34264418887$$
$$x_{37} = 9830.80846969027$$
$$x_{38} = -8488.73852129304$$
$$x_{39} = -5654.26888627018$$
$$x_{40} = -7180.47826508317$$
$$x_{41} = -9578.98902542867$$
$$x_{42} = -10669.2601008739$$
$$x_{43} = -4128.26825276073$$
$$x_{44} = 1548.23418175944$$
$$x_{45} = -1732.01779022644$$
$$x_{46} = 9394.70345342889$$
$$x_{47} = -2167.28435222334$$
$$x_{48} = 10484.9715229472$$
$$x_{49} = 1330.96129589603$$
$$x_{50} = -10233.1496229718$$
$$x_{51} = -5872.28981374269$$
$$x_{52} = -5218.23939389624$$
$$x_{53} = 3944.05229914672$$
$$x_{54} = -3474.4000691754$$
$$x_{55} = 9612.75555952255$$
$$x_{56} = -10887.3162406434$$
$$x_{57} = -9797.0418145963$$
$$x_{58} = -2602.84372583742$$
$$x_{59} = -4564.23492136622$$
$$x_{60} = 7214.24265801565$$
$$x_{61} = 5033.99112034038$$
$$x_{62} = -7398.51768344902$$
$$x_{63} = 3726.09349528285$$
$$x_{64} = 10048.8621315856$$
$$x_{65} = -8052.64595137848$$
$$x_{66} = 2418.76275647948$$
$$x_{67} = 4380.003192327$$
$$x_{68} = -1514.5733641732$$
$$x_{69} = 6560.13572998597$$
$$x_{70} = 7432.28236002073$$
$$x_{71} = 8958.60188833239$$
$$x_{72} = 9176.65220873118$$
$$x_{73} = 7868.36684053872$$
$$x_{74} = -9360.93704887386$$
$$x_{75} = -2385.03747217181$$
$$x_{76} = 6342.10484450584$$
$$x_{77} = 10703.0271681632$$
$$x_{78} = 2854.42856638056$$
$$x_{79} = 5688.03028959707$$
$$x_{80} = 8522.50430423249$$
$$x_{81} = 3072.31200448157$$
$$x_{82} = 6778.16914710792$$
$$x_{83} = 2201.00040928545$$
$$x_{84} = 3290.22020278613$$
$$x_{85} = -1297.33949106901$$
$$x_{86} = 5251.99942880886$$
$$x_{87} = 10266.9164973095$$
$$x_{88} = 10921.0833958433$$
$$x_{89} = -6308.34189463392$$
$$x_{90} = -5436.25191436034$$
Signos de extremos en los puntos:
(4162.022779418108, 1.38703240658441e-11)
(-10015.095363296083, -9.95485015657526e-13)
(-8270.691604975023, -1.76756140325904e-12)
(7650.323802428094, 2.23336928202512e-12)
(5470.012674497899, 6.10991238728965e-12)
(8304.45720106198, 1.74608844362323e-12)
(4815.988419730635, 8.95248646577274e-12)
(-6744.4054059911605, -3.25963508581913e-12)
(1765.7039729703383, 1.81654487797078e-10)
(-5000.2319072549735, -7.9988865218599e-12)
(-6090.314271907193, -4.42670797977454e-12)
(-7834.601665941395, -2.07945357470403e-12)
(-8706.786605457044, -1.51504764592525e-12)
(8740.55256141269, 1.49755687781664e-12)
(-3038.5698947353944, -3.56444768741493e-11)
(1983.3057856205567, 1.28183113577173e-10)
(-10451.204549119557, -8.75993636708303e-13)
(-6526.3723647221, -3.59736445714227e-12)
(-3256.4745924060126, -2.89572198333679e-11)
(-7616.558866176195, -2.26320336988264e-12)
(-2820.6907948929857, -4.45587996919625e-11)
(6996.204859151467, 2.92019891221406e-12)
(4597.992124823627, 1.02871554682587e-11)
(-3910.2994573716264, -1.67251456734507e-11)
(-1949.602192346214, -1.34946564920017e-10)
(6124.076761101633, 4.35389656784e-12)
(8086.411345261038, 1.89117841531717e-12)
(-8924.835771863774, -1.40669289155061e-12)
(-6962.440776857787, -2.96288943856011e-12)
(-4346.247227021853, -1.21802636650844e-11)
(2636.5760313309215, 5.45605849402845e-11)
(3508.148545065389, 2.31614652202103e-11)
(5906.051790144531, 4.85409453929088e-12)
(-9142.885943076495, -1.30842877645413e-12)
(-4782.230143023788, -9.14341763477394e-12)
(-3692.3426441888723, -1.98652469892067e-11)
(9830.80846969027, 1.05252468233123e-12)
(-8488.738521293037, -1.63482218784145e-12)
(-5654.268886270178, -5.53185273230778e-12)
(-7180.478265083174, -2.70109508653999e-12)
(-9578.989025428667, -1.13773460226016e-12)
(-10669.260100873944, -8.23373882007275e-13)
(-4128.26825276073, -1.42133430015209e-11)
(1548.2341817594415, 2.6945720695752e-10)
(-1732.0177902264402, -1.92461010388805e-10)
(9394.703453428889, 1.20600960143814e-12)
(-2167.284352223341, -9.8231819992447e-11)
(10484.971522947208, 8.67557420775348e-13)
(1330.961295896035, 4.24134298249537e-10)
(-10233.149622971772, -9.33194180816615e-13)
(-5872.28981374269, -4.9383008000566e-12)
(-5218.239393896237, -7.03765513728496e-12)
(3944.0522991467187, 1.62994131160171e-11)
(-3474.4000691753954, -2.38429768455248e-11)
(9612.755559522555, 1.1257871756028e-12)
(-10887.31624064341, -7.74885405572818e-13)
(-9797.041814596298, -1.0634451844389e-12)
(-2602.843725837415, -5.67094757775458e-11)
(-4564.234921366225, -1.05171000101987e-11)
(7214.242658015648, 2.66334698352782e-12)
(5033.991120340382, 7.83903568976879e-12)
(-7398.51768344902, -2.46925442619765e-12)
(3726.0934952828516, 1.93303053415516e-11)
(10048.862131585647, 9.85483439891111e-13)
(-8052.645951378481, -1.91506789691464e-12)
(2418.762756479482, 7.06675577604318e-11)
(4380.003192326995, 1.19008145790019e-11)
(-1514.5733641732002, -2.87825191890463e-10)
(6560.135729985973, 3.54210565509135e-12)
(7432.282360020728, 2.4357537942883e-12)
(8958.601888332389, 1.39084675187226e-12)
(9176.652208731179, 1.29403843514829e-12)
(7868.366840538717, 2.05279788795437e-12)
(-9360.937048873859, -1.21910754572058e-12)
(-2385.0374721718117, -7.3707940713481e-11)
(6342.104844505838, 3.92012335952892e-12)
(10703.0271681632, 8.15605435601211e-13)
(2854.428566380563, 4.29974194780951e-11)
(5688.030289597067, 5.43393301973686e-12)
(8522.50430423249, 1.61546779391172e-12)
(3072.3120044815732, 3.44829160855005e-11)
(6778.169147107916, 3.21116617449959e-12)
(2201.0004092854515, 9.37863232915138e-11)
(3290.2202027861326, 2.80753418086247e-11)
(-1297.3394910690138, -4.57971804726728e-10)
(5251.99942880886, 6.90281077667208e-12)
(10266.91649730946, 9.24016879940413e-13)
(10921.083395843281, 7.6771994705811e-13)
(-6308.341894633916, -3.98340364926788e-12)
(-5436.251914360338, -6.22445396871597e-12)
Intervalos de crecimiento y decrecimiento de la función:Hallemos los intervalos donde la función crece y decrece y también los puntos mínimos y máximos de la función, para lo cual miramos cómo se comporta la función en los extremos con desviación mínima del extremo:
La función no tiene puntos mínimos
La función no tiene puntos máximos
Decrece en todo el eje numérico