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3*sin((a*x)/3)+a*cos((a*x)/3)=0 la ecuación

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Solución numérica:

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Solución

Ha introducido [src]
     /a*x\        /a*x\    
3*sin|---| + a*cos|---| = 0
     \ 3 /        \ 3 /    
$$a \cos{\left(\frac{a x}{3} \right)} + 3 \sin{\left(\frac{a x}{3} \right)} = 0$$
Solución detallada
Tenemos la ecuación
$$a \cos{\left(\frac{a x}{3} \right)} + 3 \sin{\left(\frac{a x}{3} \right)} = 0$$
cambiamos:
$$\frac{3 \sin{\left(\frac{a x}{3} \right)}}{\cos{\left(\frac{a x}{3} \right)}} = - a$$
o
$$3 \tan{\left(\frac{a x}{3} \right)} = - a$$
es la ecuación trigonométrica más simple
Dividamos ambos miembros de la ecuación en 3

La ecuación se convierte en
$$\tan{\left(\frac{a x}{3} \right)} = \frac{a}{3}$$
Esta ecuación se reorganiza en
$$\frac{a x}{3} = \pi n + \operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{a}{3} \right)}$$
O
$$\frac{a x}{3} = \pi n + \operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{a}{3} \right)}$$
, donde n es cualquier número entero
Dividamos ambos miembros de la ecuación obtenida en
$$\frac{a}{3}$$
obtenemos la respuesta:
$$x_{1} = \frac{3 \left(\pi n + \operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{a}{3} \right)}\right)}{a}$$
Gráfica
Respuesta rápida [src]
           /    /        ________\\         /    /        ________\\
           |    |       /      2 ||         |    |       /      2 ||
           |    |-3 + \/  9 + a  ||         |    |-3 + \/  9 + a  ||
           |atan|----------------||         |atan|----------------||
           |    \       a        /|         |    \       a        /|
x1 = - 6*re|----------------------| - 6*I*im|----------------------|
           \          a           /         \          a           /
$$x_{1} = - 6 \operatorname{re}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} - 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} - 6 i \operatorname{im}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} - 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)}$$
         /    /       ________\\         /    /       ________\\
         |    |      /      2 ||         |    |      /      2 ||
         |    |3 + \/  9 + a  ||         |    |3 + \/  9 + a  ||
         |atan|---------------||         |atan|---------------||
         |    \       a       /|         |    \       a       /|
x2 = 6*re|---------------------| + 6*I*im|---------------------|
         \          a          /         \          a          /
$$x_{2} = 6 \operatorname{re}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} + 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} + 6 i \operatorname{im}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} + 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)}$$
x2 = 6*re(atan((sqrt(a^2 + 9) + 3)/a)/a) + 6*i*im(atan((sqrt(a^2 + 9) + 3)/a)/a)
Suma y producto de raíces [src]
suma
      /    /        ________\\         /    /        ________\\       /    /       ________\\         /    /       ________\\
      |    |       /      2 ||         |    |       /      2 ||       |    |      /      2 ||         |    |      /      2 ||
      |    |-3 + \/  9 + a  ||         |    |-3 + \/  9 + a  ||       |    |3 + \/  9 + a  ||         |    |3 + \/  9 + a  ||
      |atan|----------------||         |atan|----------------||       |atan|---------------||         |atan|---------------||
      |    \       a        /|         |    \       a        /|       |    \       a       /|         |    \       a       /|
- 6*re|----------------------| - 6*I*im|----------------------| + 6*re|---------------------| + 6*I*im|---------------------|
      \          a           /         \          a           /       \          a          /         \          a          /
$$\left(- 6 \operatorname{re}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} - 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} - 6 i \operatorname{im}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} - 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)}\right) + \left(6 \operatorname{re}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} + 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} + 6 i \operatorname{im}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} + 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)}\right)$$
=
      /    /        ________\\       /    /       ________\\         /    /        ________\\         /    /       ________\\
      |    |       /      2 ||       |    |      /      2 ||         |    |       /      2 ||         |    |      /      2 ||
      |    |-3 + \/  9 + a  ||       |    |3 + \/  9 + a  ||         |    |-3 + \/  9 + a  ||         |    |3 + \/  9 + a  ||
      |atan|----------------||       |atan|---------------||         |atan|----------------||         |atan|---------------||
      |    \       a        /|       |    \       a       /|         |    \       a        /|         |    \       a       /|
- 6*re|----------------------| + 6*re|---------------------| - 6*I*im|----------------------| + 6*I*im|---------------------|
      \          a           /       \          a          /         \          a           /         \          a          /
$$- 6 \operatorname{re}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} - 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} + 6 \operatorname{re}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} + 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} - 6 i \operatorname{im}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} - 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} + 6 i \operatorname{im}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} + 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)}$$
producto
/      /    /        ________\\         /    /        ________\\\ /    /    /       ________\\         /    /       ________\\\
|      |    |       /      2 ||         |    |       /      2 ||| |    |    |      /      2 ||         |    |      /      2 |||
|      |    |-3 + \/  9 + a  ||         |    |-3 + \/  9 + a  ||| |    |    |3 + \/  9 + a  ||         |    |3 + \/  9 + a  |||
|      |atan|----------------||         |atan|----------------||| |    |atan|---------------||         |atan|---------------|||
|      |    \       a        /|         |    \       a        /|| |    |    \       a       /|         |    \       a       /||
|- 6*re|----------------------| - 6*I*im|----------------------||*|6*re|---------------------| + 6*I*im|---------------------||
\      \          a           /         \          a           // \    \          a          /         \          a          //
$$\left(- 6 \operatorname{re}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} - 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} - 6 i \operatorname{im}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} - 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)}\right) \left(6 \operatorname{re}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} + 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} + 6 i \operatorname{im}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} + 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)}\right)$$
=
    /    /    /        ________\\     /    /        ________\\\ /    /    /       ________\\     /    /       ________\\\
    |    |    |       /      2 ||     |    |       /      2 ||| |    |    |      /      2 ||     |    |      /      2 |||
    |    |    |-3 + \/  9 + a  ||     |    |-3 + \/  9 + a  ||| |    |    |3 + \/  9 + a  ||     |    |3 + \/  9 + a  |||
    |    |atan|----------------||     |atan|----------------||| |    |atan|---------------||     |atan|---------------|||
    |    |    \       a        /|     |    \       a        /|| |    |    \       a       /|     |    \       a       /||
-36*|I*im|----------------------| + re|----------------------||*|I*im|---------------------| + re|---------------------||
    \    \          a           /     \          a           // \    \          a          /     \          a          //
$$- 36 \left(\operatorname{re}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} - 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} + i \operatorname{im}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} - 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)}\right) \left(\operatorname{re}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} + 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)} + i \operatorname{im}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} + 9} + 3}{a} \right)}}{a}\right)}\right)$$
-36*(i*im(atan((-3 + sqrt(9 + a^2))/a)/a) + re(atan((-3 + sqrt(9 + a^2))/a)/a))*(i*im(atan((3 + sqrt(9 + a^2))/a)/a) + re(atan((3 + sqrt(9 + a^2))/a)/a))