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2cos^3x-2cosx-sin^2x=0 la ecuación

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Solución numérica:

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Solución

Ha introducido [src]
     3                    2       
2*cos (x) - 2*cos(x) - sin (x) = 0
$$\left(2 \cos^{3}{\left(x \right)} - 2 \cos{\left(x \right)}\right) - \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)} = 0$$
Solución detallada
Tenemos la ecuación
$$\left(2 \cos^{3}{\left(x \right)} - 2 \cos{\left(x \right)}\right) - \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)} = 0$$
cambiamos
$$- \left(2 \cos{\left(x \right)} + 1\right) \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)} = 0$$
$$2 \cos^{3}{\left(x \right)} + \cos^{2}{\left(x \right)} - 2 \cos{\left(x \right)} - 1 = 0$$
Sustituimos
$$w = \cos{\left(x \right)}$$
Tenemos la ecuación:
$$2 w^{3} + w^{2} - 2 w - 1 = 0$$
cambiamos
$$\left(- 2 w + \left(\left(w^{2} + \left(2 w^{3} - 2\right)\right) - 1\right)\right) + 2 = 0$$
o
$$\left(- 2 w + \left(\left(w^{2} + \left(2 w^{3} - 2 \cdot 1^{3}\right)\right) - 1^{2}\right)\right) + 2 = 0$$
$$- 2 \left(w - 1\right) + \left(\left(w^{2} - 1^{2}\right) + 2 \left(w^{3} - 1^{3}\right)\right) = 0$$
$$- 2 \left(w - 1\right) + \left(\left(w - 1\right) \left(w + 1\right) + 2 \left(w - 1\right) \left(\left(w^{2} + w\right) + 1^{2}\right)\right) = 0$$
Saquemos el factor común -1 + w fuera de paréntesis
obtendremos:
$$\left(w - 1\right) \left(\left(\left(w + 1\right) + 2 \left(\left(w^{2} + w\right) + 1^{2}\right)\right) - 2\right) = 0$$
o
$$\left(w - 1\right) \left(2 w^{2} + 3 w + 1\right) = 0$$
entonces:
$$w_{1} = 1$$
y además
obtenemos la ecuación
$$2 w^{2} + 3 w + 1 = 0$$
Es la ecuación de la forma
a*w^2 + b*w + c = 0

La ecuación cuadrática puede ser resuelta
con la ayuda del discriminante.
Las raíces de la ecuación cuadrática:
$$w_{2} = \frac{\sqrt{D} - b}{2 a}$$
$$w_{3} = \frac{- \sqrt{D} - b}{2 a}$$
donde D = b^2 - 4*a*c es el discriminante.
Como
$$a = 2$$
$$b = 3$$
$$c = 1$$
, entonces
D = b^2 - 4 * a * c = 

(3)^2 - 4 * (2) * (1) = 1

Como D > 0 la ecuación tiene dos raíces.
w2 = (-b + sqrt(D)) / (2*a)

w3 = (-b - sqrt(D)) / (2*a)

o
$$w_{2} = - \frac{1}{2}$$
$$w_{3} = -1$$
Entonces la respuesta definitiva es para -1 + cos(x)^2 - 2*cos(x) + 2*cos(x)^3 = 0:
$$w_{1} = 1$$
$$w_{2} = - \frac{1}{2}$$
$$w_{3} = -1$$
hacemos cambio inverso
$$\cos{\left(x \right)} = w$$
Tenemos la ecuación
$$\cos{\left(x \right)} = w$$
es la ecuación trigonométrica más simple
Esta ecuación se reorganiza en
$$x = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(w \right)}$$
$$x = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(w \right)} - \pi$$
O
$$x = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(w \right)}$$
$$x = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(w \right)} - \pi$$
, donde n es cualquier número entero
sustituimos w:
$$x_{1} = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(w_{1} \right)}$$
$$x_{1} = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(1 \right)}$$
$$x_{1} = \pi n$$
$$x_{2} = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(w_{2} \right)}$$
$$x_{2} = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(- \frac{1}{2} \right)}$$
$$x_{2} = \pi n + \frac{2 \pi}{3}$$
$$x_{3} = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(w_{3} \right)}$$
$$x_{3} = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(-1 \right)}$$
$$x_{3} = \pi n + \pi$$
$$x_{4} = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(w_{1} \right)} - \pi$$
$$x_{4} = \pi n - \pi + \operatorname{acos}{\left(1 \right)}$$
$$x_{4} = \pi n - \pi$$
$$x_{5} = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(w_{2} \right)} - \pi$$
$$x_{5} = \pi n - \pi + \operatorname{acos}{\left(- \frac{1}{2} \right)}$$
$$x_{5} = \pi n - \frac{\pi}{3}$$
$$x_{6} = \pi n + \operatorname{acos}{\left(w_{3} \right)} - \pi$$
$$x_{6} = \pi n - \pi + \operatorname{acos}{\left(-1 \right)}$$
$$x_{6} = \pi n$$
Gráfica
Suma y producto de raíces [src]
suma
  2*pi   2*pi
- ---- + ----
   3      3  
$$- \frac{2 \pi}{3} + \frac{2 \pi}{3}$$
=
0
$$0$$
producto
  -2*pi 2*pi
0*-----*----
    3    3  
$$\frac{2 \pi}{3} \cdot 0 \left(- \frac{2 \pi}{3}\right)$$
=
0
$$0$$
0
Respuesta rápida [src]
x1 = 0
$$x_{1} = 0$$
     -2*pi
x2 = -----
       3  
$$x_{2} = - \frac{2 \pi}{3}$$
     2*pi
x3 = ----
      3  
$$x_{3} = \frac{2 \pi}{3}$$
x3 = 2*pi/3
Respuesta numérica [src]
x1 = -29.3215314335047
x2 = -94.2477794635123
x3 = -64.9262481741891
x4 = -100.530964743393
x5 = 3.1415928179198
x6 = -39.7935069454707
x7 = -65.9734455091344
x8 = -25.1327413598517
x9 = 4.18879020478639
x10 = 21.9911483137036
x11 = -52.3598775598299
x12 = -73.3038285837618
x13 = 21.9911485851557
x14 = 31.4159266883903
x15 = 96.342174710087
x16 = -28.2743337630989
x17 = 65.9734454087465
x18 = 72.2566310277249
x19 = -35.6047167406843
x20 = -56.5486675979512
x21 = 56.5486674642584
x22 = 81.6814091574308
x23 = -4.18879020478639
x24 = 12.5663704648816
x25 = 41.8879020478639
x26 = -59.6902605042705
x27 = 43.9822971693758
x28 = 72.2566312709154
x29 = -59.6902604569433
x30 = 18.8495557785441
x31 = -48.1710873550435
x32 = 37.6991120028585
x33 = 50.2654824463584
x34 = 52.3598775598299
x35 = -9.42477806893922
x36 = -15.7079633869467
x37 = 37.6991120355511
x38 = 62.8318529195469
x39 = -15.7079632962144
x40 = 6.28318528430958
x41 = 34.5575190779589
x42 = -21.9911485864933
x43 = -72.2566309134271
x44 = -41.8879020478639
x45 = 0.0
x46 = 100.530964776097
x47 = 56.5486676202915
x48 = 28.2743342070522
x49 = -43.9822971746331
x50 = 46.0766922526503
x51 = 85.870199198121
x52 = -21.9911485914265
x53 = -46.0766922526503
x54 = 28.2743338652937
x55 = -69.1150384949903
x56 = 65.9734457525392
x57 = -83.7758040957278
x58 = -85.870199198121
x59 = -97.3893723535023
x60 = -78.5398159768688
x61 = 79.5870138909414
x62 = 10526.4297846282
x63 = 92.1533845053006
x64 = -8.37758040957278
x65 = -50.2654823076209
x66 = 14.6607657167524
x67 = -75.3982238446723
x68 = 48.1710873550435
x69 = -60.7374579694027
x70 = 8.37758040957278
x71 = -12.5663700950596
x72 = -2.0943951023932
x73 = -90.0589894029074
x74 = -59.690259787532
x75 = -53.4070752131038
x76 = -81.6814090377032
x77 = -6.28318515216187
x78 = 94.2477796093526
x79 = -12.5663704539302
x80 = 59.6902605332418
x81 = 15.7079633858781
x82 = 90.0589894029074
x83 = 35.6047167406843
x84 = -65.9734457653993
x85 = -79.5870138909414
x86 = 78.539816226929
x87 = 98.4365698124802
x88 = -31.4159266901138
x89 = 58.6430628670095
x90 = -87.9645943589866
x91 = 91.1061862679054
x92 = -92.1533845053006
x93 = -37.6991118769989
x94 = -96.342174710087
x95 = 2.0943951023932
x96 = 75.3982238286389
x97 = 87.9645943355569
x97 = 87.9645943355569