1 / | | 2 | x | --------- dx | 3 | / 2 \ | \x + 1/ | / 0
Integral(x^2/(x^2 + 1)^3, (x, 0, 1))
Hay varias maneras de calcular esta integral.
Vuelva a escribir el integrando:
Integramos término a término:
TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-2), symbol=x)
La integral del producto de una función por una constante es la constante por la integral de esta función:
TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**4, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, substep=AlternativeRule(alternatives=[RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta)], context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**4, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-3), symbol=x)
Por lo tanto, el resultado es:
El resultado es:
Vuelva a escribir el integrando:
Vuelva a escribir el integrando:
Integramos término a término:
TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-2), symbol=x)
La integral del producto de una función por una constante es la constante por la integral de esta función:
TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**4, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, substep=AlternativeRule(alternatives=[RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta)], context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**4, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-3), symbol=x)
Por lo tanto, el resultado es:
El resultado es:
Vuelva a escribir el integrando:
Vuelva a escribir el integrando:
Integramos término a término:
TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-2), symbol=x)
La integral del producto de una función por una constante es la constante por la integral de esta función:
TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**4, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, substep=AlternativeRule(alternatives=[RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta)], context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**4, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-3), symbol=x)
Por lo tanto, el resultado es:
El resultado es:
Ahora simplificar:
Añadimos la constante de integración:
Respuesta:
/ | | 2 / 2\ | x atan(x) x*\1 - x / | --------- dx = C + ------- - ----------- | 3 8 2 | / 2 \ / 2\ | \x + 1/ 8*\1 + x / | /
Estos ejemplos se pueden aplicar para introducción de los límites de integración inferior y superior.