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Integral de x^2/(1+x^2)^3 dx

Límites de integración:

interior superior
v

Gráfico:

interior superior

Definida a trozos:

Solución

Ha introducido [src]
  1             
  /             
 |              
 |       2      
 |      x       
 |  --------- dx
 |          3   
 |  /     2\    
 |  \1 + x /    
 |              
/               
0               
$$\int\limits_{0}^{1} \frac{x^{2}}{\left(x^{2} + 1\right)^{3}}\, dx$$
Integral(x^2/(1 + x^2)^3, (x, 0, 1))
Solución detallada
  1. Hay varias maneras de calcular esta integral.

    Método #1

    1. Vuelva a escribir el integrando:

    2. Integramos término a término:

        TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-2), symbol=x)

      1. La integral del producto de una función por una constante es la constante por la integral de esta función:

          TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**4, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, substep=AlternativeRule(alternatives=[RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta)], context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**4, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-3), symbol=x)

        Por lo tanto, el resultado es:

      El resultado es:

    Método #2

    1. Vuelva a escribir el integrando:

    2. Vuelva a escribir el integrando:

    3. Integramos término a término:

        TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-2), symbol=x)

      1. La integral del producto de una función por una constante es la constante por la integral de esta función:

          TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**4, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, substep=AlternativeRule(alternatives=[RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta)], context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**4, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-3), symbol=x)

        Por lo tanto, el resultado es:

      El resultado es:

    Método #3

    1. Vuelva a escribir el integrando:

    2. Vuelva a escribir el integrando:

    3. Integramos término a término:

        TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-2), symbol=x)

      1. La integral del producto de una función por una constante es la constante por la integral de esta función:

          TrigSubstitutionRule(theta=_theta, func=tan(_theta), rewritten=cos(_theta)**4, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, substep=AlternativeRule(alternatives=[RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(2*_theta)**2, substep=RewriteRule(rewritten=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, substep=AddRule(substeps=[ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(4*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=4*_theta, constant=1/4, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/4, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(4*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(4*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/2, context=1/2, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(4*_theta)/2 + 1/2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4, symbol=_theta), ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(2*_theta), substep=URule(u_var=_u, u_func=2*_theta, constant=1/2, substep=ConstantTimesRule(constant=1/2, other=cos(_u), substep=TrigRule(func='cos', arg=_u, context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(_u), symbol=_u), context=cos(2*_theta), symbol=_theta), context=cos(2*_theta)/2, symbol=_theta), ConstantRule(constant=1/4, context=1/4, symbol=_theta)], context=cos(2*_theta)**2/4 + cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/4, symbol=_theta), context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta)], context=(cos(2*_theta)/2 + 1/2)**2, symbol=_theta), context=cos(_theta)**4, symbol=_theta), restriction=True, context=(x**2 + 1)**(-3), symbol=x)

        Por lo tanto, el resultado es:

      El resultado es:

  2. Ahora simplificar:

  3. Añadimos la constante de integración:


Respuesta:

Respuesta (Indefinida) [src]
  /                                        
 |                                         
 |      2                          /     2\
 |     x              atan(x)    x*\1 - x /
 | --------- dx = C + ------- - -----------
 |         3             8                2
 | /     2\                       /     2\ 
 | \1 + x /                     8*\1 + x / 
 |                                         
/                                          
$$\int \frac{x^{2}}{\left(x^{2} + 1\right)^{3}}\, dx = C - \frac{x \left(1 - x^{2}\right)}{8 \left(x^{2} + 1\right)^{2}} + \frac{\operatorname{atan}{\left(x \right)}}{8}$$
Gráfica
Respuesta [src]
pi
--
32
$$\frac{\pi}{32}$$
=
=
pi
--
32
$$\frac{\pi}{32}$$
pi/32
Respuesta numérica [src]
0.098174770424681
0.098174770424681

    Estos ejemplos se pueden aplicar para introducción de los límites de integración inferior y superior.