1 / | | 1 | -------- dt | sin(4*t) | / 0
Integral(1/sin(4*t), (t, 0, 1))
/ | | 1 | -------- dt | sin(4*t) | /
1 -------- sin(4*t)
sin(4*t)
1 sin(4*t) -------- = --------- sin(4*t) 2 sin (4*t)
sin(a)^2 + cos(a)^2 = 1
2 2 sin (4*t) = 1 - cos (4*t)
sin(4*t) sin(4*t) --------- = ------------- 2 2 sin (4*t) 1 - cos (4*t)
u = cos(4*t)
/ | | sin(4*t) | ------------- dt | 2 = | 1 - cos (4*t) | /
/ | | sin(4*t) | ------------- dt | 2 = | 1 - cos (4*t) | /
/ | | -1 | ---------- du | / 2\ | 4*\1 - u / | /
-1 -1 / 1 1 \ ---------- = ---*|----- + -----| / 2\ 4*2 \1 - u 1 + u/ 4*\1 - u /
/ / | | | 1 | 1 | ----- du | ----- du / | 1 + u | 1 - u | | | | -1 / / = | ---------- du = - ----------- - ----------- | / 2\ 8 8 | 4*\1 - u / | /
= -log(1 + u)/8 + log(-1 + u)/8
u = cos(4*t)
/ | | 1 log(1 + cos(4*t)) log(-1 + cos(4*t)) | -------- dt = - ----------------- + ------------------ + C0 | sin(4*t) 8 8 | /
/ | | 1 log(1 + cos(4*t)) log(-1 + cos(4*t)) | -------- dt = C - ----------------- + ------------------ | sin(4*t) 8 8 | /
Estos ejemplos se pueden aplicar para introducción de los límites de integración inferior y superior.