1 / | | 1 | -------- dx | /sin(x)\ | |------| | \ 2 / | / 0
Integral(1/(sin(x)/2), (x, 0, 1))
/ | | 1 | -------- dx | /sin(x)\ | |------| | \ 2 / | /
1 -------- /sin(x)\ |------| \ 2 /
sin(x)
1 2*sin(x) -------- = -------- /sin(x)\ 2 |------| sin (x) \ 2 /
sin(a)^2 + cos(a)^2 = 1
2 2 sin (x) = 1 - cos (x)
2*sin(x) 2*sin(x) -------- = ----------- 2 2 sin (x) 1 - cos (x)
u = cos(x)
/ | | 2*sin(x) | ----------- dx | 2 = | 1 - cos (x) | /
/ | | 2*sin(x) | ----------- dx | 2 = | 1 - cos (x) | /
/ | | -2 | ------ du | 2 | 1 - u | /
-2 2*(-1) / 1 1 \ ------ = ------*|----- + -----| 2 2 \1 - u 1 + u/ 1 - u
/ / / | | | | -2 | 1 | 1 | ------ du = - | ----- du - | ----- du | 2 | 1 + u | 1 - u = | 1 - u | | | / / /
= -log(1 + u) + log(-1 + u)
u = cos(x)
/ | | 1 | -------- dx = -log(1 + cos(x)) + log(-1 + cos(x)) | /sin(x)\ + C0 | |------| | \ 2 / | /
Estos ejemplos se pueden aplicar para introducción de los límites de integración inferior y superior.