Sr Examen

Gráfico de la función y = tan(x)-cot(x+2pi)

v

Gráfico:

interior superior

Puntos de intersección:

mostrar?

Definida a trozos:

Solución

Ha introducido [src]
f(x) = tan(x) - cot(x + 2*pi)
f(x)=tan(x)cot(x+2π)f{\left(x \right)} = \tan{\left(x \right)} - \cot{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)}
f = tan(x) - cot(x + 2*pi)
Gráfico de la función
02468-8-6-4-2-1010-10001000
Puntos de cruce con el eje de coordenadas X
El gráfico de la función cruce el eje X con f = 0
o sea hay que resolver la ecuación:
tan(x)cot(x+2π)=0\tan{\left(x \right)} - \cot{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)} = 0
Resolvermos esta ecuación
Puntos de cruce con el eje X:

Solución analítica
x1=π4x_{1} = - \frac{\pi}{4}
x2=π4x_{2} = \frac{\pi}{4}
Solución numérica
x1=79.3252145031423x_{1} = -79.3252145031423
x2=85.6083998103219x_{2} = -85.6083998103219
x3=5.49778714378214x_{3} = -5.49778714378214
x4=55.7632696012188x_{4} = -55.7632696012188
x5=32.2013246992954x_{5} = 32.2013246992954
x6=55.7632696012188x_{6} = 55.7632696012188
x7=84.037603483527x_{7} = 84.037603483527
x8=30.6305283725005x_{8} = -30.6305283725005
x9=32.2013246992954x_{9} = -32.2013246992954
x10=24.3473430653209x_{10} = 24.3473430653209
x11=7.06858347057703x_{11} = -7.06858347057703
x12=52.621676947629x_{12} = 52.621676947629
x13=46.3384916404494x_{13} = 46.3384916404494
x14=36.9137136796801x_{14} = 36.9137136796801
x15=25.9181393921158x_{15} = -25.9181393921158
x16=76.1836218495525x_{16} = -76.1836218495525
x17=19.6349540849362x_{17} = -19.6349540849362
x18=68.329640215578x_{18} = 68.329640215578
x19=63.6172512351933x_{19} = 63.6172512351933
x20=93.4623814442964x_{20} = 93.4623814442964
x21=25.9181393921158x_{21} = 25.9181393921158
x22=3.92699081698724x_{22} = 3.92699081698724
x23=96.6039740978861x_{23} = 96.6039740978861
x24=16.4933614313464x_{24} = -16.4933614313464
x25=91.8915851175014x_{25} = -91.8915851175014
x26=13.3517687777566x_{26} = -13.3517687777566
x27=98.174770424681x_{27} = 98.174770424681
x28=40.0553063332699x_{28} = -40.0553063332699
x29=82.4668071567321x_{29} = -82.4668071567321
x30=60.4756585816035x_{30} = -60.4756585816035
x31=71.4712328691678x_{31} = -71.4712328691678
x32=77.7544181763474x_{32} = 77.7544181763474
x33=47.9092879672443x_{33} = -47.9092879672443
x34=44.7676953136546x_{34} = 44.7676953136546
x35=96.6039740978861x_{35} = -96.6039740978861
x36=5.49778714378214x_{36} = 5.49778714378214
x37=33.7721210260903x_{37} = 33.7721210260903
x38=38.484510006475x_{38} = 38.484510006475
x39=98.174770424681x_{39} = -98.174770424681
x40=77.7544181763474x_{40} = -77.7544181763474
x41=80.8960108299372x_{41} = 80.8960108299372
x42=52.621676947629x_{42} = -52.621676947629
x43=57.3340659280137x_{43} = -57.3340659280137
x44=22.776546738526x_{44} = 22.776546738526
x45=8.63937979737193x_{45} = 8.63937979737193
x46=27.4889357189107x_{46} = -27.4889357189107
x47=58.9048622548086x_{47} = 58.9048622548086
x48=74.6128255227576x_{48} = -74.6128255227576
x49=40.0553063332699x_{49} = 40.0553063332699
x50=69.9004365423729x_{50} = -69.9004365423729
x51=54.1924732744239x_{51} = 54.1924732744239
x52=21.2057504117311x_{52} = -21.2057504117311
x53=2.35619449019234x_{53} = -2.35619449019234
x54=54.1924732744239x_{54} = -54.1924732744239
x55=87.1791961371168x_{55} = -87.1791961371168
x56=69.9004365423729x_{56} = 69.9004365423729
x57=82.4668071567321x_{57} = 82.4668071567321
x58=90.3207887907066x_{58} = 90.3207887907066
x59=33.7721210260903x_{59} = -33.7721210260903
x60=74.6128255227576x_{60} = 74.6128255227576
x61=46.3384916404494x_{61} = -46.3384916404494
x62=62.0464549083984x_{62} = 62.0464549083984
x63=60.4756585816035x_{63} = 60.4756585816035
x64=68.329640215578x_{64} = -68.329640215578
x65=27.4889357189107x_{65} = 27.4889357189107
x66=85.6083998103219x_{66} = 85.6083998103219
x67=43.1968989868597x_{67} = -43.1968989868597
x68=65.1880475619882x_{68} = -65.1880475619882
x69=62.0464549083984x_{69} = -62.0464549083984
x70=88.7499924639117x_{70} = 88.7499924639117
x71=3.92699081698724x_{71} = -3.92699081698724
x72=10.2101761241668x_{72} = 10.2101761241668
x73=99.7455667514759x_{73} = 99.7455667514759
x74=49.4800842940392x_{74} = 49.4800842940392
x75=63.6172512351933x_{75} = -63.6172512351933
x76=90.3207887907066x_{76} = -90.3207887907066
x77=93.4623814442964x_{77} = -93.4623814442964
x78=66.7588438887831x_{78} = 66.7588438887831
x79=19.6349540849362x_{79} = 19.6349540849362
x80=14.9225651045515x_{80} = 14.9225651045515
x81=71.4712328691678x_{81} = 71.4712328691678
x82=2.35619449019234x_{82} = 2.35619449019234
x83=11.7809724509617x_{83} = 11.7809724509617
x84=10.2101761241668x_{84} = -10.2101761241668
x85=18.0641577581413x_{85} = 18.0641577581413
x86=18.0641577581413x_{86} = -18.0641577581413
x87=16.4933614313464x_{87} = 16.4933614313464
x88=24.3473430653209x_{88} = -24.3473430653209
x89=84.037603483527x_{89} = -84.037603483527
x90=41.6261026600648x_{90} = -41.6261026600648
x91=30.6305283725005x_{91} = 30.6305283725005
x92=38.484510006475x_{92} = -38.484510006475
x93=47.9092879672443x_{93} = 47.9092879672443
x94=91.8915851175014x_{94} = 91.8915851175014
x95=35.3429173528852x_{95} = -35.3429173528852
x96=49.4800842940392x_{96} = -49.4800842940392
x97=11.7809724509617x_{97} = -11.7809724509617
x98=76.1836218495525x_{98} = 76.1836218495525
x99=41.6261026600648x_{99} = 41.6261026600648
x100=99.7455667514759x_{100} = -99.7455667514759
Puntos de cruce con el eje de coordenadas Y
El gráfico cruce el eje Y cuando x es igual a 0:
sustituimos x = 0 en tan(x) - cot(x + 2*pi).
tan(0)cot(2π)\tan{\left(0 \right)} - \cot{\left(2 \pi \right)}
Resultado:
f(0)=~f{\left(0 \right)} = \tilde{\infty}
signof no cruza Y
Extremos de la función
Para hallar los extremos hay que resolver la ecuación
ddxf(x)=0\frac{d}{d x} f{\left(x \right)} = 0
(la derivada es igual a cero),
y las raíces de esta ecuación serán los extremos de esta función:
ddxf(x)=\frac{d}{d x} f{\left(x \right)} =
primera derivada
tan2(x)+cot2(x+2π)+2=0\tan^{2}{\left(x \right)} + \cot^{2}{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)} + 2 = 0
Resolvermos esta ecuación
Soluciones no halladas,
tal vez la función no tenga extremos
Puntos de flexiones
Hallemos los puntos de flexiones, para eso hay que resolver la ecuación
d2dx2f(x)=0\frac{d^{2}}{d x^{2}} f{\left(x \right)} = 0
(la segunda derivada es igual a cero),
las raíces de la ecuación obtenida serán los puntos de flexión para el gráfico de la función indicado:
d2dx2f(x)=\frac{d^{2}}{d x^{2}} f{\left(x \right)} =
segunda derivada
2((tan2(x)+1)tan(x)(cot2(x+2π)+1)cot(x+2π))=02 \left(\left(\tan^{2}{\left(x \right)} + 1\right) \tan{\left(x \right)} - \left(\cot^{2}{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)} + 1\right) \cot{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)}\right) = 0
Resolvermos esta ecuación
Raíces de esta ecuación
x1=π4x_{1} = - \frac{\pi}{4}
x2=π4x_{2} = \frac{\pi}{4}

Intervalos de convexidad y concavidad:
Hallemos los intervales donde la función es convexa o cóncava, para eso veamos cómo se comporta la función en los puntos de flexiones:
Cóncava en los intervalos
[π4,)\left[\frac{\pi}{4}, \infty\right)
Convexa en los intervalos
(,π4]\left(-\infty, - \frac{\pi}{4}\right]
Asíntotas horizontales
Hallemos las asíntotas horizontales mediante los límites de esta función con x->+oo y x->-oo
True

Tomamos como el límite
es decir,
ecuación de la asíntota horizontal a la izquierda:
y=limx(tan(x)cot(x+2π))y = \lim_{x \to -\infty}\left(\tan{\left(x \right)} - \cot{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)}\right)
True

Tomamos como el límite
es decir,
ecuación de la asíntota horizontal a la derecha:
y=limx(tan(x)cot(x+2π))y = \lim_{x \to \infty}\left(\tan{\left(x \right)} - \cot{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)}\right)
Asíntotas inclinadas
Se puede hallar la asíntota inclinada calculando el límite de la función tan(x) - cot(x + 2*pi), dividida por x con x->+oo y x ->-oo
True

Tomamos como el límite
es decir,
ecuación de la asíntota inclinada a la izquierda:
y=xlimx(tan(x)cot(x+2π)x)y = x \lim_{x \to -\infty}\left(\frac{\tan{\left(x \right)} - \cot{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)}}{x}\right)
True

Tomamos como el límite
es decir,
ecuación de la asíntota inclinada a la derecha:
y=xlimx(tan(x)cot(x+2π)x)y = x \lim_{x \to \infty}\left(\frac{\tan{\left(x \right)} - \cot{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)}}{x}\right)
Paridad e imparidad de la función
Comprobemos si la función es par o impar mediante las relaciones f = f(-x) и f = -f(-x).
Pues, comprobamos:
tan(x)cot(x+2π)=tan(x)+cot(x)\tan{\left(x \right)} - \cot{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)} = - \tan{\left(x \right)} + \cot{\left(x \right)}
- No
tan(x)cot(x+2π)=tan(x)cot(x)\tan{\left(x \right)} - \cot{\left(x + 2 \pi \right)} = \tan{\left(x \right)} - \cot{\left(x \right)}
- No
es decir, función
no es
par ni impar