Parte trigonométrica
[src]
/ / /x\ \ \
| | 2*cot|-| | |
| | \2/ | / 2/x pi\\|
| |1 + -----------|*|-1 + cot |- + --|||
| | 2/x\| \ \2 4 //|
2 | | 1 + cot |-|| |
/ 1 \ | 1 \ \2// |
|-1 + ------------| *|- ------ - -------------------------------------|
| 2/x pi\| \ cot(x) 2 /
| cot |- + --||
\ \2 4 //
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ / /x\ \ \
| | 2*cot|-| | |
| | \2/ | / 2/x pi\\|
| |1 + -----------|*|-1 + cot |- + --|||
| | 2/x\| \ \2 4 //|
2 | | 1 + cot |-|| |
/ 1 \ | 1 \ \2// | 2
|1 + ------------| *|- ------ + -------------------------------------|*cot (x)
| 2/x pi\| \ cot(x) 2 /
| cot |- + --||
\ \2 4 //
( − 1 + 1 cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( − ( 1 + 2 cot ( x 2 ) cot 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) ( cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 − 1 cot ( x ) ) ( 1 + 1 cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( ( 1 + 2 cot ( x 2 ) cot 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) ( cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 − 1 cot ( x ) ) cot 2 ( x ) \frac{\left(-1 + \frac{1}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(- \frac{\left(1 + \frac{2 \cot{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}\right) \left(\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1\right)}{2} - \frac{1}{\cot{\left(x \right)}}\right)}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(\frac{\left(1 + \frac{2 \cot{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}\right) \left(\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1\right)}{2} - \frac{1}{\cot{\left(x \right)}}\right) \cot^{2}{\left(x \right)}} ( 1 + c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) 2 2 ( 1 + c o t 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 2 c o t ( 2 x ) ) ( c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 ) − c o t ( x ) 1 cot 2 ( x ) ( − 1 + c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) 2 − 2 ( 1 + c o t 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 2 c o t ( 2 x ) ) ( c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 ) − c o t ( x ) 1
/ 2/x pi\\
2 | -1 + cot |- + --||
/ 1 \ | 1 \2 4 /|
|-1 + ------------| *|- ------ - -----------------|
| 2/x pi\| | cot(x) 2/x pi\|
| cot |- + --|| | 1 + cot |- + --||
\ \2 4 // \ \2 4 //
----------------------------------------------------------
/ 2/x pi\\
2 | -1 + cot |- + --||
/ 1 \ | 1 \2 4 /| 2
|1 + ------------| *|- ------ + -----------------|*cot (x)
| 2/x pi\| | cot(x) 2/x pi\|
| cot |- + --|| | 1 + cot |- + --||
\ \2 4 // \ \2 4 //
( − 1 + 1 cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( − cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 − 1 cot ( x ) ) ( 1 + 1 cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 − 1 cot ( x ) ) cot 2 ( x ) \frac{\left(-1 + \frac{1}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(- \frac{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1} - \frac{1}{\cot{\left(x \right)}}\right)}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(\frac{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1} - \frac{1}{\cot{\left(x \right)}}\right) \cot^{2}{\left(x \right)}} ( 1 + c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) 2 ( c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 − c o t ( x ) 1 ) cot 2 ( x ) ( − 1 + c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) 2 ( − c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 − c o t ( x ) 1 )
/ 2/x\\
| 1 + tan |-||
4/x\ | \2/|
-16*tan |-|*|1 - -----------|
\2/ | 2/x\|
| 1 - tan |-||
\ \2//
----------------------------------------------
/ 2/x\\
3 | 1 - tan |-||
/ 2/x\\ / 2/x\\ | \2/|
|1 + tan |-|| *|1 - tan |-||*|1 + -----------|
\ \2// \ \2// | 2/x\|
| 1 + tan |-||
\ \2//
− 16 ( 1 − tan 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 1 − tan 2 ( x 2 ) ) tan 4 ( x 2 ) ( 1 − tan 2 ( x 2 ) ) ( 1 − tan 2 ( x 2 ) tan 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 + 1 ) ( tan 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) 3 - \frac{16 \left(1 - \frac{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}{1 - \tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}\right) \tan^{4}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\left(1 - \tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}\right) \left(\frac{1 - \tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1} + 1\right) \left(\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1\right)^{3}} − ( 1 − tan 2 ( 2 x ) ) ( t a n 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 1 − t a n 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 ) ( tan 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 ) 3 16 ( 1 − 1 − t a n 2 ( 2 x ) t a n 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 ) tan 4 ( 2 x )
4/ pi\ / 1 \
-cos |x - --|*|1 - ------|
\ 2 / \ cos(x)/
---------------------------
(1 + cos(x))*cos(x)
− ( 1 − 1 cos ( x ) ) cos 4 ( x − π 2 ) ( cos ( x ) + 1 ) cos ( x ) - \frac{\left(1 - \frac{1}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \cos^{4}{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\left(\cos{\left(x \right)} + 1\right) \cos{\left(x \right)}} − ( cos ( x ) + 1 ) cos ( x ) ( 1 − c o s ( x ) 1 ) cos 4 ( x − 2 π )
/ / 2/x pi\\\
| | sec |- - --|||
| / 1 \ | \2 4 /||
2 | |1 + -----------|*|-1 + ------------||
/ 2/x pi\\ | | / pi\| | 2/x pi\||
| sec |- + --|| | | sec|x - --|| | sec |- + --|||
| \2 4 /| 2 | sec(x) \ \ 2 // \ \2 4 //|
|-1 + ------------| *sec (x)*|- ----------- - -------------------------------------|
| 2/x pi\| | / pi\ 2 |
| sec |- - --|| | sec|x - --| |
\ \2 4 // \ \ 2 / /
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ / 2/x pi\\ \
| | sec |- - --|| |
|/ 1 \ | \2 4 /| |
2 ||1 + -----------|*|-1 + ------------| |
/ 2/x pi\\ || / pi\| | 2/x pi\| |
| sec |- + --|| || sec|x - --|| | sec |- + --|| |
| \2 4 /| |\ \ 2 // \ \2 4 // sec(x) | 2/ pi\
|1 + ------------| *|------------------------------------- - -----------|*sec |x - --|
| 2/x pi\| | 2 / pi\| \ 2 /
| sec |- - --|| | sec|x - --||
\ \2 4 // \ \ 2 //
( − 1 + sec 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) sec 2 ( x 2 − π 4 ) ) 2 ( − ( 1 + 1 sec ( x − π 2 ) ) ( sec 2 ( x 2 − π 4 ) sec 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 − sec ( x ) sec ( x − π 2 ) ) sec 2 ( x ) ( 1 + sec 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) sec 2 ( x 2 − π 4 ) ) 2 ( ( 1 + 1 sec ( x − π 2 ) ) ( sec 2 ( x 2 − π 4 ) sec 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 − sec ( x ) sec ( x − π 2 ) ) sec 2 ( x − π 2 ) \frac{\left(-1 + \frac{\sec^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\sec^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(- \frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right) \left(\frac{\sec^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\sec^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}} - 1\right)}{2} - \frac{\sec{\left(x \right)}}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right) \sec^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(1 + \frac{\sec^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\sec^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right) \left(\frac{\sec^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\sec^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}} - 1\right)}{2} - \frac{\sec{\left(x \right)}}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right) \sec^{2}{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} ( 1 + s e c 2 ( 2 x − 4 π ) s e c 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) 2 2 ( 1 + s e c ( x − 2 π ) 1 ) ( s e c 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) s e c 2 ( 2 x − 4 π ) − 1 ) − s e c ( x − 2 π ) s e c ( x ) sec 2 ( x − 2 π ) ( − 1 + s e c 2 ( 2 x − 4 π ) s e c 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) 2 − 2 ( 1 + s e c ( x − 2 π ) 1 ) ( s e c 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) s e c 2 ( 2 x − 4 π ) − 1 ) − s e c ( x − 2 π ) s e c ( x ) sec 2 ( x )
/ /pi \\
| csc|-- - x||
2/pi \ | 1 \2 /|
csc |-- - x|*|------ - -----------|
\2 / \csc(x) csc(x) /
-----------------------------------
/ /pi \\
| csc|-- - x||
| 1 \2 /| 4
|- ------ - -----------|*csc (x)
\ csc(x) csc(x) /
( − csc ( − x + π 2 ) csc ( x ) + 1 csc ( x ) ) csc 2 ( − x + π 2 ) ( − csc ( − x + π 2 ) csc ( x ) − 1 csc ( x ) ) csc 4 ( x ) \frac{\left(- \frac{\csc{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\csc{\left(x \right)}} + \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \csc^{2}{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\left(- \frac{\csc{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\csc{\left(x \right)}} - \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \csc^{4}{\left(x \right)}} ( − c s c ( x ) c s c ( − x + 2 π ) − c s c ( x ) 1 ) csc 4 ( x ) ( − c s c ( x ) c s c ( − x + 2 π ) + c s c ( x ) 1 ) csc 2 ( − x + 2 π )
/ / 2 \\
| | cos (x) ||
2 | (1 + sin(x))*|-1 + --------------||
/ 4/x pi\\ | | 4/x pi\||
| 4*sin |- + --|| | 2 | 4*sin |- + --|||
| \2 4 /| 4 | 2*sin (x) \ \2 4 //|
4*|-1 + --------------| *sin (x)*|- --------- - ----------------------------------|
| 2 | \ sin(2*x) 2 /
\ cos (x) /
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ / 2 \ \
| | cos (x) | |
2 |(1 + sin(x))*|-1 + --------------| |
/ 4/x pi\\ | | 4/x pi\| |
| 4*sin |- + --|| | | 4*sin |- + --|| 2 |
| \2 4 /| | \ \2 4 // 2*sin (x)| 2
|1 + --------------| *|---------------------------------- - ---------|*sin (2*x)
| 2 | \ 2 sin(2*x)/
\ cos (x) /
4 ( − ( − 1 + cos 2 ( x ) 4 sin 4 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) 2 − 2 sin 2 ( x ) sin ( 2 x ) ) ( 4 sin 4 ( x 2 + π 4 ) cos 2 ( x ) − 1 ) 2 sin 4 ( x ) ( ( − 1 + cos 2 ( x ) 4 sin 4 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) 2 − 2 sin 2 ( x ) sin ( 2 x ) ) ( 4 sin 4 ( x 2 + π 4 ) cos 2 ( x ) + 1 ) 2 sin 2 ( 2 x ) \frac{4 \left(- \frac{\left(-1 + \frac{\cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{4 \sin^{4}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right) \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + 1\right)}{2} - \frac{2 \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\sin{\left(2 x \right)}}\right) \left(\frac{4 \sin^{4}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}} - 1\right)^{2} \sin^{4}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(\frac{\left(-1 + \frac{\cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{4 \sin^{4}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right) \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + 1\right)}{2} - \frac{2 \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\sin{\left(2 x \right)}}\right) \left(\frac{4 \sin^{4}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}} + 1\right)^{2} \sin^{2}{\left(2 x \right)}} 2 ( − 1 + 4 s i n 4 ( 2 x + 4 π ) c o s 2 ( x ) ) ( s i n ( x ) + 1 ) − s i n ( 2 x ) 2 s i n 2 ( x ) ( c o s 2 ( x ) 4 s i n 4 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 ) 2 sin 2 ( 2 x ) 4 − 2 ( − 1 + 4 s i n 4 ( 2 x + 4 π ) c o s 2 ( x ) ) ( s i n ( x ) + 1 ) − s i n ( 2 x ) 2 s i n 2 ( x ) ( c o s 2 ( x ) 4 s i n 4 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 ) 2 sin 4 ( x )
/ 2/x pi\\
2 | -1 + cot |- + --||
/ 2/x pi\\ 2 | \2 4 /|
|-1 + tan |- + --|| *tan (x)*|-tan(x) - -----------------|
\ \2 4 // | 2/x pi\|
| 1 + cot |- + --||
\ \2 4 //
----------------------------------------------------------
/ 2/x pi\\
2 | -1 + cot |- + --||
/ 2/x pi\\ | \2 4 /|
|1 + tan |- + --|| *|-tan(x) + -----------------|
\ \2 4 // | 2/x pi\|
| 1 + cot |- + --||
\ \2 4 //
( − cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 tan 2 ( x ) ( cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 ) 2 \frac{\left(- \frac{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \left(\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1\right)^{2} \tan^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(\frac{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \left(\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1\right)^{2}} ( c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 ) 2 ( − c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 ) 2 tan 2 ( x )
/ / 2/x pi\\\
| | cos |- + --|||
| / / pi\\ | \2 4 /||
2 | |1 + cos|x - --||*|-1 + ------------||
/ 2/x pi\\ | / pi\ \ \ 2 // | 2/x pi\||
| cos |- - --|| | cos|x - --| | cos |- - --|||
| \2 4 /| 2/ pi\ | \ 2 / \ \2 4 //|
|-1 + ------------| *cos |x - --|*|- ----------- - -------------------------------------|
| 2/x pi\| \ 2 / \ cos(x) 2 /
| cos |- + --||
\ \2 4 //
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ / 2/x pi\\ \
| | cos |- + --|| |
|/ / pi\\ | \2 4 /| |
2 ||1 + cos|x - --||*|-1 + ------------| |
/ 2/x pi\\ |\ \ 2 // | 2/x pi\| / pi\|
| cos |- - --|| | | cos |- - --|| cos|x - --||
| \2 4 /| | \ \2 4 // \ 2 /| 2
|1 + ------------| *|------------------------------------- - -----------|*cos (x)
| 2/x pi\| \ 2 cos(x) /
| cos |- + --||
\ \2 4 //
( − ( − 1 + cos 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) cos 2 ( x 2 − π 4 ) ) ( cos ( x − π 2 ) + 1 ) 2 − cos ( x − π 2 ) cos ( x ) ) ( cos 2 ( x 2 − π 4 ) cos 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 cos 2 ( x − π 2 ) ( ( − 1 + cos 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) cos 2 ( x 2 − π 4 ) ) ( cos ( x − π 2 ) + 1 ) 2 − cos ( x − π 2 ) cos ( x ) ) ( cos 2 ( x 2 − π 4 ) cos 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 ) 2 cos 2 ( x ) \frac{\left(- \frac{\left(-1 + \frac{\cos^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\cos^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right) \left(\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)} + 1\right)}{2} - \frac{\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \left(\frac{\cos^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\cos^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}} - 1\right)^{2} \cos^{2}{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\left(\frac{\left(-1 + \frac{\cos^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\cos^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right) \left(\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)} + 1\right)}{2} - \frac{\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \left(\frac{\cos^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\cos^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}} + 1\right)^{2} \cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}} 2 ( − 1 + c o s 2 ( 2 x − 4 π ) c o s 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) ( c o s ( x − 2 π ) + 1 ) − c o s ( x ) c o s ( x − 2 π ) ( c o s 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) c o s 2 ( 2 x − 4 π ) + 1 ) 2 cos 2 ( x ) − 2 ( − 1 + c o s 2 ( 2 x − 4 π ) c o s 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) ( c o s ( x − 2 π ) + 1 ) − c o s ( x ) c o s ( x − 2 π ) ( c o s 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) c o s 2 ( 2 x − 4 π ) − 1 ) 2 cos 2 ( x − 2 π )
2
/ 2/x pi\\
2 | sec |- - --||
/ 1 \ | \2 4 /| 2 / 1 sec(x) \
-|1 + -----------| *|1 - ------------| *sec (x)*|----------- - -----------|
| / pi\| | 2/x pi\| | / pi\ / pi\|
| sec|x - --|| | sec |- + --|| |sec|x - --| sec|x - --||
\ \ 2 // \ \2 4 // \ \ 2 / \ 2 //
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ 1 sec(x) \ 2/ pi\
4*|----------- + -----------|*sec |x - --|
| / pi\ / pi\| \ 2 /
|sec|x - --| sec|x - --||
\ \ 2 / \ 2 //
− ( 1 + 1 sec ( x − π 2 ) ) 2 ( − sec ( x ) sec ( x − π 2 ) + 1 sec ( x − π 2 ) ) ( − sec 2 ( x 2 − π 4 ) sec 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 ) 2 sec 2 ( x ) 4 ( sec ( x ) sec ( x − π 2 ) + 1 sec ( x − π 2 ) ) sec 2 ( x − π 2 ) - \frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(- \frac{\sec{\left(x \right)}}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} + \frac{1}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right) \left(- \frac{\sec^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\sec^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}} + 1\right)^{2} \sec^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{4 \left(\frac{\sec{\left(x \right)}}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} + \frac{1}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right) \sec^{2}{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} − 4 ( s e c ( x − 2 π ) s e c ( x ) + s e c ( x − 2 π ) 1 ) sec 2 ( x − 2 π ) ( 1 + s e c ( x − 2 π ) 1 ) 2 ( − s e c ( x − 2 π ) s e c ( x ) + s e c ( x − 2 π ) 1 ) ( − s e c 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) s e c 2 ( 2 x − 4 π ) + 1 ) 2 sec 2 ( x )
/ /pi \\ /pi \
-|1 - csc|-- - x||*csc|-- - x|
\ \2 // \2 /
-------------------------------
/ 1 \ 4
|1 + -----------|*csc (x)
| /pi \|
| csc|-- - x||
\ \2 //
− ( 1 − csc ( − x + π 2 ) ) csc ( − x + π 2 ) ( 1 + 1 csc ( − x + π 2 ) ) csc 4 ( x ) - \frac{\left(1 - \csc{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}\right) \csc{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\csc{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right) \csc^{4}{\left(x \right)}} − ( 1 + c s c ( − x + 2 π ) 1 ) csc 4 ( x ) ( 1 − csc ( − x + 2 π ) ) csc ( − x + 2 π )
2
/ /x\ \ / /x\ \
2 | 2*tan|-| | | 2*tan|-| |
/ 1 \ | \2/ | 2 | \2/ |
-|1 - ------------| *|1 + -----------| *tan (x)*|-tan(x) + -----------|
| 2/x pi\| | 2/x\| | 2/x\|
| tan |- + --|| | 1 + tan |-|| | 1 + tan |-||
\ \2 4 // \ \2// \ \2//
------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ /x\ \
| 2*tan|-| |
| \2/ |
4*|----------- + tan(x)|
| 2/x\ |
|1 + tan |-| |
\ \2/ /
− ( 1 + 2 tan ( x 2 ) tan 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) 2 ( 1 − 1 tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( − tan ( x ) + 2 tan ( x 2 ) tan 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) tan 2 ( x ) 4 ( tan ( x ) + 2 tan ( x 2 ) tan 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) - \frac{\left(1 + \frac{2 \tan{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}\right)^{2} \left(1 - \frac{1}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(- \tan{\left(x \right)} + \frac{2 \tan{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}\right) \tan^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{4 \left(\tan{\left(x \right)} + \frac{2 \tan{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}\right)} − 4 ( tan ( x ) + t a n 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 2 t a n ( 2 x ) ) ( 1 + t a n 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 2 t a n ( 2 x ) ) 2 ( 1 − t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) 2 ( − tan ( x ) + t a n 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 2 t a n ( 2 x ) ) tan 2 ( x )
2
/ 2 \ / 2 \
| cos (x) | 2 4 | 2*sin (x) |
-|1 - --------------| *(1 + sin(x)) *sin (x)*|- --------- + sin(x)|
| 4/x pi\| \ sin(2*x) /
| 4*sin |- + --||
\ \2 4 //
--------------------------------------------------------------------
/ 2 \
|2*sin (x) | 2
|--------- + sin(x)|*sin (2*x)
\ sin(2*x) /
− ( 1 − cos 2 ( x ) 4 sin 4 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( − 2 sin 2 ( x ) sin ( 2 x ) + sin ( x ) ) ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) 2 sin 4 ( x ) ( 2 sin 2 ( x ) sin ( 2 x ) + sin ( x ) ) sin 2 ( 2 x ) - \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{4 \sin^{4}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(- \frac{2 \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\sin{\left(2 x \right)}} + \sin{\left(x \right)}\right) \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + 1\right)^{2} \sin^{4}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(\frac{2 \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\sin{\left(2 x \right)}} + \sin{\left(x \right)}\right) \sin^{2}{\left(2 x \right)}} − ( s i n ( 2 x ) 2 s i n 2 ( x ) + sin ( x ) ) sin 2 ( 2 x ) ( 1 − 4 s i n 4 ( 2 x + 4 π ) c o s 2 ( x ) ) 2 ( − s i n ( 2 x ) 2 s i n 2 ( x ) + sin ( x ) ) ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) 2 sin 4 ( x )
2 2 / sin(2*x) \
sin (x)*sin (2*x)*|- -------------- + sin(x)|
| 2/ pi\ |
| 2*sin |x + --| |
\ \ 2 / /
---------------------------------------------
/ sin(2*x) \ 4/ pi\
4*|-sin(x) - --------------|*sin |x + --|
| 2/ pi\| \ 2 /
| 2*sin |x + --||
\ \ 2 //
( sin ( x ) − sin ( 2 x ) 2 sin 2 ( x + π 2 ) ) sin 2 ( x ) sin 2 ( 2 x ) 4 ( − sin ( x ) − sin ( 2 x ) 2 sin 2 ( x + π 2 ) ) sin 4 ( x + π 2 ) \frac{\left(\sin{\left(x \right)} - \frac{\sin{\left(2 x \right)}}{2 \sin^{2}{\left(x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right) \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)} \sin^{2}{\left(2 x \right)}}{4 \left(- \sin{\left(x \right)} - \frac{\sin{\left(2 x \right)}}{2 \sin^{2}{\left(x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right) \sin^{4}{\left(x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} 4 ( − sin ( x ) − 2 s i n 2 ( x + 2 π ) s i n ( 2 x ) ) sin 4 ( x + 2 π ) ( sin ( x ) − 2 s i n 2 ( x + 2 π ) s i n ( 2 x ) ) sin 2 ( x ) sin 2 ( 2 x )
2
/ 2/x pi\\ / / pi\ \
| cos |- + --|| 2 | cos|x - --| |
| \2 4 /| / / pi\\ 2/ pi\ | \ 2 / / pi\|
-|1 - ------------| *|1 + cos|x - --|| *cos |x - --|*|- ----------- + cos|x - --||
| 2/x pi\| \ \ 2 // \ 2 / \ cos(x) \ 2 //
| cos |- - --||
\ \2 4 //
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ / pi\ \
|cos|x - --| |
| \ 2 / / pi\| 2
4*|----------- + cos|x - --||*cos (x)
\ cos(x) \ 2 //
− ( 1 − cos 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) cos 2 ( x 2 − π 4 ) ) 2 ( cos ( x − π 2 ) + 1 ) 2 ( cos ( x − π 2 ) − cos ( x − π 2 ) cos ( x ) ) cos 2 ( x − π 2 ) 4 ( cos ( x − π 2 ) + cos ( x − π 2 ) cos ( x ) ) cos 2 ( x ) - \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\cos^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\cos^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} - \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)} + 1\right)^{2} \left(\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)} - \frac{\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \cos^{2}{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{4 \left(\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)} + \frac{\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}} − 4 ( cos ( x − 2 π ) + c o s ( x ) c o s ( x − 2 π ) ) cos 2 ( x ) ( 1 − c o s 2 ( 2 x − 4 π ) c o s 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) 2 ( cos ( x − 2 π ) + 1 ) 2 ( cos ( x − 2 π ) − c o s ( x ) c o s ( x − 2 π ) ) cos 2 ( x − 2 π )
/ 3 \
2/x\ | 3 sin (x)|
-4*tan |-|*|- tan (x) + -------|
\2/ | 2 |
\ cos (x)/
--------------------------------
2
/ 2/x\\
|1 + tan |-|| *(sin(x) + tan(x))
\ \2//
− 4 ( sin 3 ( x ) cos 2 ( x ) − tan 3 ( x ) ) tan 2 ( x 2 ) ( sin ( x ) + tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) 2 - \frac{4 \left(\frac{\sin^{3}{\left(x \right)}}{\cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}} - \tan^{3}{\left(x \right)}\right) \tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \left(\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1\right)^{2}} − ( sin ( x ) + tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 ) 2 4 ( c o s 2 ( x ) s i n 3 ( x ) − tan 3 ( x ) ) tan 2 ( 2 x )
2 2
/ ___ / pi\\ / ___ / pi\\ 2 2 / 1 \
-|1 + \/ 2 *sin|x + --|| *|-1 + \/ 2 *cos|x + --|| *(-1 + sin(x)) *sin (x)*|1 - ------|
\ \ 4 // \ \ 4 // \ cos(x)/
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5
4*(1 + cos(x))*cos (x)
− ( 1 − 1 cos ( x ) ) ( 2 sin ( x + π 4 ) + 1 ) 2 ( 2 cos ( x + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 ( sin ( x ) − 1 ) 2 sin 2 ( x ) 4 ( cos ( x ) + 1 ) cos 5 ( x ) - \frac{\left(1 - \frac{1}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \left(\sqrt{2} \sin{\left(x + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1\right)^{2} \left(\sqrt{2} \cos{\left(x + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1\right)^{2} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} - 1\right)^{2} \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{4 \left(\cos{\left(x \right)} + 1\right) \cos^{5}{\left(x \right)}} − 4 ( cos ( x ) + 1 ) cos 5 ( x ) ( 1 − c o s ( x ) 1 ) ( 2 sin ( x + 4 π ) + 1 ) 2 ( 2 cos ( x + 4 π ) − 1 ) 2 ( sin ( x ) − 1 ) 2 sin 2 ( x )
/ / /x\ \ \
| | 2*tan|-| | |
| | \2/ | / 1 \|
| |1 + -----------|*|-1 + ------------||
| | 2/x\| | 2/x pi\||
2 | | 1 + tan |-|| | tan |- + --|||
/ 2/x pi\\ 2 | \ \2// \ \2 4 //|
|-1 + tan |- + --|| *tan (x)*|-tan(x) - -------------------------------------|
\ \2 4 // \ 2 /
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ / /x\ \ \
| | 2*tan|-| | |
| | \2/ | / 1 \|
| |1 + -----------|*|-1 + ------------||
| | 2/x\| | 2/x pi\||
2 | | 1 + tan |-|| | tan |- + --|||
/ 2/x pi\\ | \ \2// \ \2 4 //|
|1 + tan |- + --|| *|-tan(x) + -------------------------------------|
\ \2 4 // \ 2 /
( − ( − 1 + 1 tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) ( 1 + 2 tan ( x 2 ) tan 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) 2 − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 tan 2 ( x ) ( ( − 1 + 1 tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) ( 1 + 2 tan ( x 2 ) tan 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) 2 − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 ) 2 \frac{\left(- \frac{\left(-1 + \frac{1}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right) \left(1 + \frac{2 \tan{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}\right)}{2} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \left(\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1\right)^{2} \tan^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(\frac{\left(-1 + \frac{1}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right) \left(1 + \frac{2 \tan{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}\right)}{2} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \left(\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1\right)^{2}} 2 ( − 1 + t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) ( 1 + t a n 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 2 t a n ( 2 x ) ) − tan ( x ) ( tan 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 ) 2 − 2 ( − 1 + t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) ( 1 + t a n 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 2 t a n ( 2 x ) ) − tan ( x ) ( tan 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 ) 2 tan 2 ( x )
4 / 1 \
-sin (x)*|1 - -----------|
| / pi\|
| sin|x + --||
\ \ 2 //
-----------------------------
/ / pi\\ / pi\
|1 + sin|x + --||*sin|x + --|
\ \ 2 // \ 2 /
− ( 1 − 1 sin ( x + π 2 ) ) sin 4 ( x ) ( sin ( x + π 2 ) + 1 ) sin ( x + π 2 ) - \frac{\left(1 - \frac{1}{\sin{\left(x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}\right) \sin^{4}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(\sin{\left(x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)} + 1\right) \sin{\left(x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} − ( sin ( x + 2 π ) + 1 ) sin ( x + 2 π ) ( 1 − s i n ( x + 2 π ) 1 ) sin 4 ( x )
2 2 / sin(2*x)\
sin (x)*sin (2*x)*|-sin(pi + x) - ---------|
| 2 |
\ 2*cos (x)/
--------------------------------------------
/ sin(2*x) \ 4
4*|- --------- + sin(pi + x)|*cos (x)
| 2 |
\ 2*cos (x) /
( − sin ( 2 x ) 2 cos 2 ( x ) − sin ( x + π ) ) sin 2 ( x ) sin 2 ( 2 x ) 4 ( − sin ( 2 x ) 2 cos 2 ( x ) + sin ( x + π ) ) cos 4 ( x ) \frac{\left(- \frac{\sin{\left(2 x \right)}}{2 \cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}} - \sin{\left(x + \pi \right)}\right) \sin^{2}{\left(x \right)} \sin^{2}{\left(2 x \right)}}{4 \left(- \frac{\sin{\left(2 x \right)}}{2 \cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}} + \sin{\left(x + \pi \right)}\right) \cos^{4}{\left(x \right)}} 4 ( − 2 c o s 2 ( x ) s i n ( 2 x ) + sin ( x + π ) ) cos 4 ( x ) ( − 2 c o s 2 ( x ) s i n ( 2 x ) − sin ( x + π ) ) sin 2 ( x ) sin 2 ( 2 x )
2
/ /x\ \ / /x\ \
2 | 2*cot|-| | | 2*cot|-| |
/ 2/x pi\\ | \2/ | | 1 \2/ |
-|1 - cot |- + --|| *|1 + -----------| *|- ------ + -----------|
\ \2 4 // | 2/x\| | cot(x) 2/x\|
| 1 + cot |-|| | 1 + cot |-||
\ \2// \ \2//
-----------------------------------------------------------------
/ /x\ \
| 2*cot|-| |
| 1 \2/ | 2
4*|------ + -----------|*cot (x)
|cot(x) 2/x\|
| 1 + cot |-||
\ \2//
− ( 1 + 2 cot ( x 2 ) cot 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) 2 ( 1 − cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( − 1 cot ( x ) + 2 cot ( x 2 ) cot 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) 4 ( 1 cot ( x ) + 2 cot ( x 2 ) cot 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) cot 2 ( x ) - \frac{\left(1 + \frac{2 \cot{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}\right)^{2} \left(1 - \cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}\right)^{2} \left(- \frac{1}{\cot{\left(x \right)}} + \frac{2 \cot{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}\right)}{4 \left(\frac{1}{\cot{\left(x \right)}} + \frac{2 \cot{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}\right) \cot^{2}{\left(x \right)}} − 4 ( c o t ( x ) 1 + c o t 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 2 c o t ( 2 x ) ) cot 2 ( x ) ( 1 + c o t 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 2 c o t ( 2 x ) ) 2 ( 1 − cot 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) 2 ( − c o t ( x ) 1 + c o t 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 2 c o t ( 2 x ) )
4
-sin (x)*(1 - sec(x))*sec(x)
-----------------------------
1 + cos(x)
− ( 1 − sec ( x ) ) sin 4 ( x ) sec ( x ) cos ( x ) + 1 - \frac{\left(1 - \sec{\left(x \right)}\right) \sin^{4}{\left(x \right)} \sec{\left(x \right)}}{\cos{\left(x \right)} + 1} − cos ( x ) + 1 ( 1 − sec ( x ) ) sin 4 ( x ) sec ( x )
2 / 1 sec(x)\
sec (x)*|----------- - ------|
| /pi \ csc(x)|
|sec|-- - x| |
\ \2 / /
---------------------------------------------
/ 1 sec(x)\ 2 2/pi \
|- ----------- - ------|*csc (x)*sec |-- - x|
| /pi \ csc(x)| \2 /
| sec|-- - x| |
\ \2 / /
( 1 sec ( − x + π 2 ) − sec ( x ) csc ( x ) ) sec 2 ( x ) ( − 1 sec ( − x + π 2 ) − sec ( x ) csc ( x ) ) csc 2 ( x ) sec 2 ( − x + π 2 ) \frac{\left(\frac{1}{\sec{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} - \frac{\sec{\left(x \right)}}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \sec^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(- \frac{1}{\sec{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} - \frac{\sec{\left(x \right)}}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \csc^{2}{\left(x \right)} \sec^{2}{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} ( − s e c ( − x + 2 π ) 1 − c s c ( x ) s e c ( x ) ) csc 2 ( x ) sec 2 ( − x + 2 π ) ( s e c ( − x + 2 π ) 1 − c s c ( x ) s e c ( x ) ) sec 2 ( x )
-(1 - sec(x))*sec(x)
-------------------------
/ 1 \ 4/ pi\
|1 + ------|*sec |x - --|
\ sec(x)/ \ 2 /
− ( 1 − sec ( x ) ) sec ( x ) ( 1 + 1 sec ( x ) ) sec 4 ( x − π 2 ) - \frac{\left(1 - \sec{\left(x \right)}\right) \sec{\left(x \right)}}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\sec{\left(x \right)}}\right) \sec^{4}{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} − ( 1 + s e c ( x ) 1 ) sec 4 ( x − 2 π ) ( 1 − sec ( x ) ) sec ( x )
4 / sin(x) \
sin (x)*|----------- + sin(x)|
\cos(x - pi) /
-------------------------------
/ sin(x) \ 2
|-sin(x) + -----------|*cos (x)
\ cos(x - pi)/
( sin ( x ) + sin ( x ) cos ( x − π ) ) sin 4 ( x ) ( − sin ( x ) + sin ( x ) cos ( x − π ) ) cos 2 ( x ) \frac{\left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + \frac{\sin{\left(x \right)}}{\cos{\left(x - \pi \right)}}\right) \sin^{4}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(- \sin{\left(x \right)} + \frac{\sin{\left(x \right)}}{\cos{\left(x - \pi \right)}}\right) \cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}} ( − sin ( x ) + c o s ( x − π ) s i n ( x ) ) cos 2 ( x ) ( sin ( x ) + c o s ( x − π ) s i n ( x ) ) sin 4 ( x )
4/x\ 6/x\ / 1 \
-16*cot |-|*sin |-|*|1 - ------|
\2/ \2/ \ cos(x)/
--------------------------------
/ 2/x\\
(1 + cos(x))*|-1 + cot |-||
\ \2//
− 16 ( 1 − 1 cos ( x ) ) sin 6 ( x 2 ) cot 4 ( x 2 ) ( cos ( x ) + 1 ) ( cot 2 ( x 2 ) − 1 ) - \frac{16 \left(1 - \frac{1}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \sin^{6}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} \cot^{4}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\left(\cos{\left(x \right)} + 1\right) \left(\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} - 1\right)} − ( cos ( x ) + 1 ) ( cot 2 ( 2 x ) − 1 ) 16 ( 1 − c o s ( x ) 1 ) sin 6 ( 2 x ) cot 4 ( 2 x )
4 / 1 \
-sin (x)*|1 - ------|
\ cos(x)/
----------------------
(1 + cos(x))*cos(x)
− ( 1 − 1 cos ( x ) ) sin 4 ( x ) ( cos ( x ) + 1 ) cos ( x ) - \frac{\left(1 - \frac{1}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \sin^{4}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(\cos{\left(x \right)} + 1\right) \cos{\left(x \right)}} − ( cos ( x ) + 1 ) cos ( x ) ( 1 − c o s ( x ) 1 ) sin 4 ( x )
2
/ 2/x pi\\ 2 2
-|1 - cot |- + --|| *(1 + sin(x)) *tan (x)*(-tan(x) + sin(x))
\ \2 4 //
--------------------------------------------------------------
4*(sin(x) + tan(x))
− ( 1 − cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) 2 ( sin ( x ) − tan ( x ) ) tan 2 ( x ) 4 ( sin ( x ) + tan ( x ) ) - \frac{\left(1 - \cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}\right)^{2} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + 1\right)^{2} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \tan^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{4 \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + \tan{\left(x \right)}\right)} − 4 ( sin ( x ) + tan ( x ) ) ( 1 − cot 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) 2 ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) 2 ( sin ( x ) − tan ( x ) ) tan 2 ( x )
2
/ 2/x pi\ \ / /pi \\
2 | csc |- + --| | | csc|-- - x||
/ 1 \ | \2 4 / | 2/pi \ | 1 \2 /|
-|1 + ------| *|1 - --------------| *csc |-- - x|*|------ - -----------|
\ csc(x)/ | 2/ x pi\| \2 / \csc(x) csc(x) /
| csc |- - + --||
\ \ 2 4 //
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ /pi \\
| csc|-- - x||
| 1 \2 /| 2
4*|------ + -----------|*csc (x)
\csc(x) csc(x) /
− ( 1 − csc 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) csc 2 ( − x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( 1 + 1 csc ( x ) ) 2 ( − csc ( − x + π 2 ) csc ( x ) + 1 csc ( x ) ) csc 2 ( − x + π 2 ) 4 ( csc ( − x + π 2 ) csc ( x ) + 1 csc ( x ) ) csc 2 ( x ) - \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\csc^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\csc^{2}{\left(- \frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(1 + \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(- \frac{\csc{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\csc{\left(x \right)}} + \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \csc^{2}{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{4 \left(\frac{\csc{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\csc{\left(x \right)}} + \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \csc^{2}{\left(x \right)}} − 4 ( c s c ( x ) c s c ( − x + 2 π ) + c s c ( x ) 1 ) csc 2 ( x ) ( 1 − c s c 2 ( − 2 x + 4 π ) c s c 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) 2 ( 1 + c s c ( x ) 1 ) 2 ( − c s c ( x ) c s c ( − x + 2 π ) + c s c ( x ) 1 ) csc 2 ( − x + 2 π )
/ 2/x pi\\
2 | 1 - tan |- + --||
/ 1 \ 2 | \2 4 /|
|1 - ------------| *tan (x)*|-tan(x) - ----------------|
| 2/x pi\| | 2/x pi\|
| tan |- + --|| | 1 + tan |- + --||
\ \2 4 // \ \2 4 //
--------------------------------------------------------
/ 2/x pi\\
2 | 1 - tan |- + --||
/ 1 \ | \2 4 /|
|1 + ------------| *|-tan(x) + ----------------|
| 2/x pi\| | 2/x pi\|
| tan |- + --|| | 1 + tan |- + --||
\ \2 4 // \ \2 4 //
( 1 − 1 tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( − 1 − tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 − tan ( x ) ) tan 2 ( x ) ( 1 + 1 tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( 1 − tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 − tan ( x ) ) \frac{\left(1 - \frac{1}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(- \frac{1 - \tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \tan^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(\frac{1 - \tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right)} ( 1 + t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) 2 ( t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 1 − t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − tan ( x ) ) ( 1 − t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) 2 ( − t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 1 − t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − tan ( x ) ) tan 2 ( x )
/ / 1 \\
| (1 + sin(x))*|-1 + ------------||
| | 2/x pi\||
2 | | tan |- + --|||
/ 2/x pi\\ 2 | \ \2 4 //|
|-1 + tan |- + --|| *tan (x)*|-tan(x) - --------------------------------|
\ \2 4 // \ 2 /
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ / 1 \\
| (1 + sin(x))*|-1 + ------------||
| | 2/x pi\||
2 | | tan |- + --|||
/ 2/x pi\\ | \ \2 4 //|
|1 + tan |- + --|| *|-tan(x) + --------------------------------|
\ \2 4 // \ 2 /
( − ( − 1 + 1 tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) 2 − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 tan 2 ( x ) ( ( − 1 + 1 tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) 2 − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 ) 2 \frac{\left(- \frac{\left(-1 + \frac{1}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right) \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + 1\right)}{2} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \left(\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1\right)^{2} \tan^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(\frac{\left(-1 + \frac{1}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right) \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + 1\right)}{2} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \left(\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1\right)^{2}} 2 ( − 1 + t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) ( s i n ( x ) + 1 ) − tan ( x ) ( tan 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 ) 2 − 2 ( − 1 + t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) ( s i n ( x ) + 1 ) − tan ( x ) ( tan 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 ) 2 tan 2 ( x )
2
/ 1 \ 2 2
-|1 - ------------| *(1 + sin(x)) *tan (x)*(-tan(x) + sin(x))
| 2/x pi\|
| tan |- + --||
\ \2 4 //
--------------------------------------------------------------
4*(sin(x) + tan(x))
− ( 1 − 1 tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) 2 ( sin ( x ) − tan ( x ) ) tan 2 ( x ) 4 ( sin ( x ) + tan ( x ) ) - \frac{\left(1 - \frac{1}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right)^{2} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + 1\right)^{2} \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \tan^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{4 \left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + \tan{\left(x \right)}\right)} − 4 ( sin ( x ) + tan ( x ) ) ( 1 − t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) 1 ) 2 ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) 2 ( sin ( x ) − tan ( x ) ) tan 2 ( x )
/ 2/x pi\\
2 | 1 - tan |- + --||
/ 2/x pi\\ | 1 \2 4 /|
|1 - cot |- + --|| *|- ------ - ----------------|
\ \2 4 // | cot(x) 2/x pi\|
| 1 + tan |- + --||
\ \2 4 //
---------------------------------------------------------
/ 2/x pi\\
2 | 1 - tan |- + --||
/ 2/x pi\\ | 1 \2 4 /| 2
|1 + cot |- + --|| *|- ------ + ----------------|*cot (x)
\ \2 4 // | cot(x) 2/x pi\|
| 1 + tan |- + --||
\ \2 4 //
( 1 − cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) ) 2 ( − 1 − tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 − 1 cot ( x ) ) ( 1 − tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 − 1 cot ( x ) ) ( cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 ) 2 cot 2 ( x ) \frac{\left(1 - \cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}\right)^{2} \left(- \frac{1 - \tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1} - \frac{1}{\cot{\left(x \right)}}\right)}{\left(\frac{1 - \tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1} - \frac{1}{\cot{\left(x \right)}}\right) \left(\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1\right)^{2} \cot^{2}{\left(x \right)}} ( t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 1 − t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − c o t ( x ) 1 ) ( cot 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 ) 2 cot 2 ( x ) ( 1 − cot 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) 2 ( − t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 1 − t a n 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − c o t ( x ) 1 )
2 / 1 sec(x) \
sec (x)*|------ - -----------|
|csc(x) / pi\|
| sec|x - --||
\ \ 2 //
---------------------------------------------
/ 1 sec(x) \ 2 2/ pi\
|- ------ - -----------|*csc (x)*sec |x - --|
| csc(x) / pi\| \ 2 /
| sec|x - --||
\ \ 2 //
( − sec ( x ) sec ( x − π 2 ) + 1 csc ( x ) ) sec 2 ( x ) ( − sec ( x ) sec ( x − π 2 ) − 1 csc ( x ) ) csc 2 ( x ) sec 2 ( x − π 2 ) \frac{\left(- \frac{\sec{\left(x \right)}}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} + \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \sec^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(- \frac{\sec{\left(x \right)}}{\sec{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} - \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \csc^{2}{\left(x \right)} \sec^{2}{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}} ( − s e c ( x − 2 π ) s e c ( x ) − c s c ( x ) 1 ) csc 2 ( x ) sec 2 ( x − 2 π ) ( − s e c ( x − 2 π ) s e c ( x ) + c s c ( x ) 1 ) sec 2 ( x )
/ / pi\ \
| cos|x - --| |
4/ pi\ | \ 2 / / pi\|
cos |x - --|*|- ----------- + cos|x - --||
\ 2 / \ cos(x) \ 2 //
------------------------------------------
/ / pi\\
| cos|x - --||
| / pi\ \ 2 /| 2
|- cos|x - --| - -----------|*cos (x)
\ \ 2 / cos(x) /
( cos ( x − π 2 ) − cos ( x − π 2 ) cos ( x ) ) cos 4 ( x − π 2 ) ( − cos ( x − π 2 ) − cos ( x − π 2 ) cos ( x ) ) cos 2 ( x ) \frac{\left(\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)} - \frac{\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \cos^{4}{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\left(- \cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)} - \frac{\cos{\left(x - \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \cos^{2}{\left(x \right)}} ( − cos ( x − 2 π ) − c o s ( x ) c o s ( x − 2 π ) ) cos 2 ( x ) ( cos ( x − 2 π ) − c o s ( x ) c o s ( x − 2 π ) ) cos 4 ( x − 2 π )
/ / 2/x pi\ \\
| | csc |- + --| ||
| / 1 \ | \2 4 / ||
2 | |1 + ------|*|-1 + --------------||
/ 2/ x pi\\ | /pi \ \ csc(x)/ | 2/ x pi\||
| csc |- - + --|| | csc|-- - x| | csc |- - + --|||
| \ 2 4 /| 2/pi \ | \2 / \ \ 2 4 //|
|-1 + --------------| *csc |-- - x|*|- ----------- - ----------------------------------|
| 2/x pi\ | \2 / \ csc(x) 2 /
| csc |- + --| |
\ \2 4 / /
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ / 2/x pi\ \ \
| | csc |- + --| | |
|/ 1 \ | \2 4 / | |
2 ||1 + ------|*|-1 + --------------| |
/ 2/ x pi\\ |\ csc(x)/ | 2/ x pi\| /pi \|
| csc |- - + --|| | | csc |- - + --|| csc|-- - x||
| \ 2 4 /| | \ \ 2 4 // \2 /| 2
|1 + --------------| *|---------------------------------- - -----------|*csc (x)
| 2/x pi\ | \ 2 csc(x) /
| csc |- + --| |
\ \2 4 / /
( − ( − 1 + csc 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) csc 2 ( − x 2 + π 4 ) ) ( 1 + 1 csc ( x ) ) 2 − csc ( − x + π 2 ) csc ( x ) ) ( csc 2 ( − x 2 + π 4 ) csc 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 csc 2 ( − x + π 2 ) ( ( − 1 + csc 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) csc 2 ( − x 2 + π 4 ) ) ( 1 + 1 csc ( x ) ) 2 − csc ( − x + π 2 ) csc ( x ) ) ( csc 2 ( − x 2 + π 4 ) csc 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 ) 2 csc 2 ( x ) \frac{\left(- \frac{\left(-1 + \frac{\csc^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\csc^{2}{\left(- \frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right) \left(1 + \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right)}{2} - \frac{\csc{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \left(\frac{\csc^{2}{\left(- \frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\csc^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}} - 1\right)^{2} \csc^{2}{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\left(\frac{\left(-1 + \frac{\csc^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\csc^{2}{\left(- \frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}\right) \left(1 + \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right)}{2} - \frac{\csc{\left(- x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)}}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \left(\frac{\csc^{2}{\left(- \frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}}{\csc^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)}} + 1\right)^{2} \csc^{2}{\left(x \right)}} 2 ( − 1 + c s c 2 ( − 2 x + 4 π ) c s c 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) ( 1 + c s c ( x ) 1 ) − c s c ( x ) c s c ( − x + 2 π ) ( c s c 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) c s c 2 ( − 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 ) 2 csc 2 ( x ) − 2 ( − 1 + c s c 2 ( − 2 x + 4 π ) c s c 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) ) ( 1 + c s c ( x ) 1 ) − c s c ( x ) c s c ( − x + 2 π ) ( c s c 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) c s c 2 ( − 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 ) 2 csc 2 ( − x + 2 π )
/ 2/x\ \
| 1 + cot |-| |
4/x\ | \2/ |
-16*cot |-|*|1 - ------------|
\2/ | 2/x\|
| -1 + cot |-||
\ \2//
------------------------------------------------
/ 2/x\\
3 | -1 + cot |-||
/ 2/x\\ | \2/| / 2/x\\
|1 + cot |-|| *|1 + ------------|*|-1 + cot |-||
\ \2// | 2/x\ | \ \2//
| 1 + cot |-| |
\ \2/ /
− 16 ( 1 − cot 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 cot 2 ( x 2 ) − 1 ) cot 4 ( x 2 ) ( cot 2 ( x 2 ) − 1 cot 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 + 1 ) ( cot 2 ( x 2 ) − 1 ) ( cot 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 ) 3 - \frac{16 \left(1 - \frac{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} - 1}\right) \cot^{4}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\left(\frac{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} - 1}{\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1} + 1\right) \left(\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} - 1\right) \left(\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} + 1\right)^{3}} − ( c o t 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 c o t 2 ( 2 x ) − 1 + 1 ) ( cot 2 ( 2 x ) − 1 ) ( cot 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 ) 3 16 ( 1 − c o t 2 ( 2 x ) − 1 c o t 2 ( 2 x ) + 1 ) cot 4 ( 2 x )
2 / 1 sec(x)\
sec (x)*|------ - ------|
\csc(x) csc(x)/
---------------------------
/ 1 sec(x)\ 4
|- ------ - ------|*csc (x)
\ csc(x) csc(x)/
( − sec ( x ) csc ( x ) + 1 csc ( x ) ) sec 2 ( x ) ( − sec ( x ) csc ( x ) − 1 csc ( x ) ) csc 4 ( x ) \frac{\left(- \frac{\sec{\left(x \right)}}{\csc{\left(x \right)}} + \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \sec^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(- \frac{\sec{\left(x \right)}}{\csc{\left(x \right)}} - \frac{1}{\csc{\left(x \right)}}\right) \csc^{4}{\left(x \right)}} ( − c s c ( x ) s e c ( x ) − c s c ( x ) 1 ) csc 4 ( x ) ( − c s c ( x ) s e c ( x ) + c s c ( x ) 1 ) sec 2 ( x )
/ / 2/x pi\\\
2 | (1 + sin(x))*|-1 + cot |- + --|||
/ 2/x pi\\ 2 | \ \2 4 //|
|-1 + tan |- + --|| *tan (x)*|-tan(x) - --------------------------------|
\ \2 4 // \ 2 /
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ / 2/x pi\\\
2 | (1 + sin(x))*|-1 + cot |- + --|||
/ 2/x pi\\ | \ \2 4 //|
|1 + tan |- + --|| *|-tan(x) + --------------------------------|
\ \2 4 // \ 2 /
( − ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) ( cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 tan 2 ( x ) ( ( sin ( x ) + 1 ) ( cot 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) − 1 ) 2 − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( x 2 + π 4 ) + 1 ) 2 \frac{\left(- \frac{\left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + 1\right) \left(\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1\right)}{2} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \left(\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1\right)^{2} \tan^{2}{\left(x \right)}}{\left(\frac{\left(\sin{\left(x \right)} + 1\right) \left(\cot^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} - 1\right)}{2} - \tan{\left(x \right)}\right) \left(\tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\pi}{4} \right)} + 1\right)^{2}} ( 2 ( s i n ( x ) + 1 ) ( c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 ) − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) + 1 ) 2 ( − 2 ( s i n ( x ) + 1 ) ( c o t 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 ) − tan ( x ) ) ( tan 2 ( 2 x + 4 π ) − 1 ) 2 tan 2 ( x )
6/x\ 4/x\ / 1 \
-16*cos |-|*tan |-|*|1 - ------|
\2/ \2/ \ cos(x)/
--------------------------------
/ 2/x\\
|1 - tan |-||*(1 + cos(x))
\ \2//
− 16 ( 1 − 1 cos ( x ) ) cos 6 ( x 2 ) tan 4 ( x 2 ) ( 1 − tan 2 ( x 2 ) ) ( cos ( x ) + 1 ) - \frac{16 \left(1 - \frac{1}{\cos{\left(x \right)}}\right) \cos^{6}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)} \tan^{4}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}}{\left(1 - \tan^{2}{\left(\frac{x}{2} \right)}\right) \left(\cos{\left(x \right)} + 1\right)} − ( 1 − tan 2 ( 2 x ) ) ( cos ( x ) + 1 ) 16 ( 1 − c o s ( x ) 1 ) cos 6 ( 2 x ) tan 4 ( 2 x )
-16*cos(x/2)^6*tan(x/2)^4*(1 - 1/cos(x))/((1 - tan(x/2)^2)*(1 + cos(x)))